hyper-verb documentation

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====== Prosodic prominence ======
For both Slovenian and BCS prosodic prominence is marked in across 8 columns – 4 for the infinitive, 4 for the 1st person plural present tense form. In order to annotate prominence (in Slovenian: stress, in BCS: High tone) each verb is cut into 4 parts, starting from the end of the word form. 
This is shown in the schema below for verb // pogl__**e**__dati, pogl__**e**__damo// ‘to look, we look’, which has the same meaning and prominence placement in both Slovenian and BCS (note that the stress placement is not the same, as the stress is on //po// in BCS). 
The last line shows the annotation as found in the database.


^verb ^ 4 ^ 3  ^ 2 ^ 1  ^ - ^ 4 ^ 3  ^ 2 ^ 1 ^
| |all preceding syllables|base-final syllable| tv |inf|-|all preceding syllables|base-final syllable| tv | 1pl.present| 
| | po| gl**e**d |a | ti |-| po| gl**e**d | aa  |mo|
|pogledati| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |


As evident from the schema, the order in which we go through the verb is reversed – we start with the ending, followed by the theme vowel and then the base, which is split into the base-final syllable and all the preceding syllables. (This is because base-prominence is almost always on the last syllable of the base). The stressed part of the verb is marked with 1. Since there is some variation between speakers, some verbs are marked with 1 and 2. We give more (language) specific instructions below. 

===== General instructions with examples =====
We underline the prominent vowel for BCS and use caps for Slovenian. 

**General instructions with examples: Infinitives**\\
Prominence marked on 1: The prominence is on the inflection (e.g. archaic Slovenian //cves-∅-tI// ‘to bloom’, Serbo-Croatian //nać__i__// ‘to find’).\\
Prominence marked on 2: The prominence falls on the theme vowel, e.g., Slovenian //igr-A-ti// 'to play', Serbo Croatian //greb__a__ti// 'to claw'.\\
Prominence marked on 3:  The prominence falls on the final syllable of the base, e.g., Slovenian //glEd-a-ti// 'to watch', Serbo-Croatian  //gl__e__dati// 'to watch'.\\
Prominence marked on 4: The prominence falls on a non-final syllable of the stem, e.g., Slovenian //mAlic-a-ti// 'to eat a snack', Serbo-Croatian dìrektorovati //dir__e__ktorov-a-ti// 'to act as a director'.\\

**General instructions with examples: 1st person plural, present tense**\\
Prominence marked on 1: The prominence is on the inflection, e.g. Slovenian, //vemO// 'we know', Serbo-Croatian //znam__o__// 'we know'. \\
Prominence marked on 2: The prominence falls on the theme vowel, e.g., Slovenian //igr-A-mo// 'we play', Serbo-Croatian // račun__a__mo// 'we calculate'.\\
Prominence marked on 3: The prominence falls on the final syllable of the stem, e.g. Slovenian //glEd-a-mo// 'we watch', Serbo-Croatian //gl__e__damo// 'we watch'.\\
Prominence marked on 4: The prominence falls on a non-final syllable of the stem, e.g. Slovenian //mAlic-a-mo// 'we snack', Serbo-Croatian //dir__e__ktoru-je-mo// 'we act as a director'.\\

Example below shows how prominence is marked (for BCS and Slovenian) for the verb //gl**e**dati// 'to watch'.

^verb^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4  ^- ^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4 ^
|gledati| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |

===== Language specific instructions =====
**Language specific instructions: BCS**\\
For BCS, we count as prominent the syllable that carries the (rightmost) high tone in the word. For the purposes of the database, we transformed the traditional accent representations to those relevant for us. We underline the prominent vowel. \\
If there is a ''falling accent'' (//kȕća// 'house', //prȃvda// 'justice') the stressed syllable is prominent (e.g. //pȁdati// is //p__a__dati// 'to fall', //pȁdām// is //p__a__dam// 'I fall', //mȍlīm// is m__o__lim 'to ask', //kûmīm// is //k__u__mim//, kȃrtati is //k__a__rtati//, //kȃrtām// is //k__a__rtam//).\\
If there is a ''rising accent'' (//rúka// 'arm', //nòga// 'leg'), the syllable following the stressed syllable is prominent (gráditi is //grad__i__ti// 'to build', //lòmiti// is //lom__i__ti// 'to break',  //lòmīm// is //lom__i__m// 'I break', //nàpadati// is //nap__a__dati// 'to attack', //nàpadām// is //nap__a__dam// 'I attack', //mòliti// is //mol__i__ti// 'to ask', //zàmolim// is //zam__o__lim// 'I ask'). 


If a form can have more than one common prosodic shape, all are entered, one by using 1, the next one using 2 etc. This means that some cells will have multiple numbers. Consider the verb// kòristiti// and //korístiti// 'to use' -- 1 is used to describe //kòristiti//  (1 is entered in all the relevant columns) and 2 for //korístiti// (2 is in all the relevant columns). This means that column 3 for Present Tense Prominence has a 1 and a 2 (because both forms have prominence on the same syllable: //kòristīmo// and //kòrīstīmo//). 

^verb^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4  ^- ^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4 ^
|koristiti| 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |


As for  [[length|Length]], Columns 3 for the Infinitive and for the Present Tense will have a 2, because only  
 the version //korístiti// has a long syllable at the end of the base.



**Language specific instructions: Slovenian**\\
Slovenian verbs were only anotated for placement of stress and not for, e.g., tone. The annotation reflects the intuition of the annotators (native speakers of Slovenian) and the prominence marked in [[https://fran.si/iskanje?FilteredDictionaryIds=133&View=1&Query=%2A|SSKJ2]]. When the two don’t match, the verb is annotated as having two stress patterns - the one marked with 1 is assumed (by the annotators) to be more common than the one marked with 2. If inflectional stress (i.e., position 1) is possible only in some persons and it is perceived as marked, this pattern was ignored. 
\\ Example below shows annotation for the verb //vprAš-a-ti/vpraš-A-ti// 'to ask' (stress on the root was considered more common). There is no variation in the present form in this case. 

^verb^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4  ^- ^ 1 ^ 2  ^ 3 ^ 4 ^
|vprašati| 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |