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--- root [2023/01/30 13:46] – pm
+++ root [2023/05/17 11:28] (current) – pm
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 ====== Roots ======
-The cell ‘Root’ can be used as an indicator which verbs belong to the same word family. Crucially, we do not claim that the annotated form is the exact phonological form of  the root of the verb. Rather, this should be taken as a cell that can help the users group together verbs that are related by some common core (the chosen form could in principle be replaced by a random number/index).
+In what follows we only discuss how the term ‘root’ is used in the annotation oh the database. \\
+That is, the cell ‘Root’ can be used as an indicator which verbs belong to the same word family. Crucially, we do not claim that the annotated form is the exact phonological form of  the root of the verb. Rather, this should be taken as a cell that can help the users group together verbs that are related by some common core (the chosen form could in principle be replaced by a random number/index).
 Still, we tried to capture what we believe is the common core of all the related verbs. The material in the cell ‘Root’ therefore refers to the verb without prefixes, thematic vowels or verbal affixes.
+Note that verbs that display suppletion between the perfective and imperfective form are annotated as having different roots. In cases where the suppletive form is related to another existing verb (//oditi// ‘to go away.pfv’, //odhajati// ‘to go away.ipfv’ where //haj// has the same root as //hoditi// ‘to walk’) the suppletive form and the related verb are marked as having the same root (in this case //h-d//, see below for hyphen).
 ^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss & Notes   ^
@@ Line 41: / Line 44: @@
-^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss    ^
+^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss   ^
-| Slo |dotakniti | t-k |‘to touch.pfv’|
-| Slo | dotikati | t-k | ‘to touch.ipfv’|
-| Slo | točiti | t-č | ‘to pour.ipfv’|
-| Slo | natakati | t-č |‘to pour.ipfv’|
 | BCS | primaknuti | m-k | ‘to get closer.pfv’|
 | BCS | primicati | m-k | ‘to get closer.ipfv’|
 | BCS | umočiti | m-č | ‘to dip.pfv’ |
 | BCS | umakati | m-č |‘to dip.ipfv’|
+| Slo |dotakniti | t-k |‘to touch.pfv’|
+| Slo | dotikati | t-k | ‘to touch.ipfv’|
+| Slo | točiti | t-č | ‘to pour.ipfv’|
+| Slo | natakati | t-č |‘to pour.ipfv’|
+===== Notes about annotation =====
+**Numbers**\\
+Where two groups of verbs seem to have homophonous roots that cannot be connected with a similar meaning, we differentiate roots with numbers.
+^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss    ^
+| Slo | prati | p-r | ‘to wash.ipfv’|
+| Slo | sprati | p-r | ‘to wash away.pfv’|
+| Slo | spirati | p-r | ‘to wash away.ipfv’ |
+| Slo | odpreti | p-r1 | ‘to open.pfv’|
+| Slo | odpirati | p-r1 | ‘to open.ipfv’|
+| BCS | biti | bi | ‘to be.ipfv’ |
+| BCS | zbivati | bi | ‘to happen.ipfv’ |
+| BCS |ubiti | bi2 | ‘to kill.pfv’ |
+| BCS | ubijati | bi2 | ‘to kill.pfv’ |
+**Hyphen** \\
+We use a hyphen to indicate roots that display apophony (i.e. don’t have stable vowels), for example between the imperfective and perfective form of the verb.
+^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss    ^
+| BCS | ubosti | b-d | ‘to stab.ipfv’ |
+| BCS | ubadati | b-d |‘to stab.ipfv’|
+| BCS | bosti | b-d |‘to stab.ipfv’|
+| Slo | brati | b-r | ‘to read.ipfv’ |
+| Slo | prebrati | b-r | ‘to read.pfv’|
+| Slo | prebirati | b-r | ‘to read.pfv’|
+**Plus** \\
+While we remove any strictly verbal material (prefixes, TV, suffixes) from the verb when annotating the ‘root’,multifunctional affixes are included in this column and are marked with a plus (+). Plus is also used in compounds (these are also annotated with 1 in the column Compounds).
+^ Language ^ Example   ^ Root ^ Gloss & Notes   ^
+| Slo | beračiti | ber+ač | ‘to beg.ipfv’; berač ‘beggar’, where -//ač// is a common normalizer |
+| Slo | krvaveti | krv+av | ‘to bleed.ipfv’; krvav ‘bloody’ where -//av// is a common adjectiviser |
+| Slo | telovaditi | tel+o+vad | ‘to exercise.ipfv’;  //tel+o+vadba// ‘exercise’ from //tel-o// ‘body’ + //vad-b-a// ‘training’|
+| BCS | krvariti | krv+ar | ‘to bleed.ipfv’|
+| BCS | besniti |bes+n |‘to rage.ipfv’ |
+| BCS | obelodaniti | bel+o+dan |‘to disclose.pfv’|
+**Colon**\\
+In the BCMS Database, the colon mark is used in cases where the annotator has the intuition there is a prefix, but the root reconstructed on this analysis does not appear in other words. e.g. //u:zeti// ‘take’, where //zeti// does not appear in any other verb.
+===== Related topic =====
+[[ra|Root Allomorphy]]